An example from payroll
Ana teaches Grade 4 at a private school in Bacolod on ₱22,000 a month. Her contract ran January to the end of March 2026; after summer break she signed a new one starting 1 June. April and May were unpaid.
Total basic salary for 2026: (3 + 7) months × ₱22,000 = ₱220,000. Her 13th month is ₱18,333.33. The school paid her ₱5,500 for January–March when the first contract ended — that is allowed (it is effectively a pro-rated 13th month with her final pay) — and owes the remaining ₱12,833.33 for June–December by 24 December.
Two contracts, one calendar year
The 13th month is computed per calendar year and per employer. If the same school rehires you, the months from both contracts add up; whether it pays one lump sum in December or two partial amounts, the total should equal one-twelfth of everything earned. If you moved to a different school, each employer owes you one-twelfth of what it paid you.
Teachers in private schools are covered by PD 851 like any rank-and-file employee. Public school teachers are government employees and get the year-end bonus and cash gift instead — see the government guide below.